In an archaeological twist that wouldn’t be out of place in a myth, Bulgarian archaeologists stumbled upon a remarkable find during a routine excavation—a well-preserved, 6.8-foot (2-meter) tall marble statue of the Greek god Hermes nestled within the ancient Roman sewer system of Heraclea Sintica.
Macedonian king Philip II founded the sprawling city in southwestern Bulgaria near the Greek border in the 4th century BCE. Heraclea Sintica thrived for centuries before a devastating earthquake struck around 388 CE, eventually abandoning it.
The unexpected discovery of the Hermes statue sheds light on the fascinating interplay between Roman and Greek cultures and the potential response to the rise of Christianity. Experts believe the statue was more than just misplaced debris. Instead, it was likely a deliberate act of preservation.
“Its head is preserved,” explained Lyudmil Vagalinski, leader of the excavation team. “It’s in excellent condition,” he added to Reuters, noting minor hand fractures. The statue itself is believed to be a Roman copy of an even older Greek original.
The careful placement within the sewer system, followed by a purposeful covering of soil, suggests the inhabitants of Heraclea Sintica might have been trying to shield the statue from harm. This theory aligns with the historical context of the period.
By the 4th century CE, Christianity had gained a strong foothold in the Roman Empire. Once widely practiced, pagan beliefs were increasingly deemed heretical. The residents of Heraclea Sintica, perhaps still holding onto their traditional faith, might have chosen to conceal the Hermes statue to protect it from religious persecution.
This is one of many instances of such practices. Archaeologists have unearthed numerous examples of hidden or repurposed pagan iconography throughout the Roman Empire, hinting at a resistance to the complete abandonment of old traditions.
The discovery of the Hermes statue also offers valuable clues about the artistic influences at play in Heraclea Sintica. Despite its vast territory and diverse cultures, the Roman Empire often adopted and adapted artistic styles from conquered territories, particularly Greece. The statue, likely a Roman interpretation of a Greek original, exemplifies this cultural exchange.
The unearthing of the Hermes statue is a significant archaeological feat. Not only does it provide a glimpse into the religious practices of Heraclea Sintica, but it also serves as a testament to the enduring power of art and the lengths people go to preserve their cultural heritage.
Further examination and restoration efforts will likely reveal more details about the statue itself, offering insights into Roman sculptors’ artistic techniques and materials. Additionally, a deeper analysis of the surrounding area might uncover further clues about the lives and beliefs of the people who once inhabited Heraclea Sintica.
One thing is sure: this unexpected discovery serves as a powerful reminder of the stories buried beneath our feet, waiting to be unearthed and understood. The god Hermes, once hidden away, now sheds light on a bygone era, reminding us of the enduring power of faith, art, and the human spirit.